1. Consider a packet of length L that begins at end system A and travels over
three links to a destination end system. These three links are connected by two
packet switches. Let , , and denote the length, propagation speed, and the transmission rate of link i, for . The packet switch delays each packet
. Assuming no queuing delays, in terms of , , , , and L, what
is the total end-to-end delay for the packet? Suppose now the packet is 1,500
bytes, the propagation speed on all three links is , the transmission
rates of all three links are , the packet switch processing delay is 2 msec, the length of the first link is 5,000 km, the length of the second link is 4,000 km,
and the length of the last link is 1,000 km. For these values, what is the
end-to-end delay?