Anatomy is the study of the internal form and structure of living things. It plays a role as a basic science in biology or medicine .
In general, anatomy includes human anatomy (anthropotomy), animal anatomy (zootomy), and plant anatomy (phytotomy). The anatomical structure of the fetus is closely related to embryology , comparative anatomy, and genealogy [1]
Anatomy is largely divided into gross anatomy (macro-anatomy) and micro-anatomy (micro-anatomy). [1] Among these, macroscopic anatomy is the study of anatomical structures that can be observed with the naked eye without special equipment through methods such as incision . [1] Contrary to this, microanatomy is the study of extremely small anatomical structures that can be observed with a microscope . Microanatomy includes histology (the study of tissues) [1] and cell biology (the study of cells). Microanatomy and histology are sometimes used interchangeably (unless a strict distinction is made between histology and cell biology).
The history of anatomy is defined by the continuous development over time of the understanding of the function and structure of the body 's organs . The method of studying anatomy has also been greatly improved, evolving from a simple examination of a cadaver (corpse) in the early days, and in the 20th century , X-rays , ultrasounds , MRIs , and other imaging techniques are being used.
Anatomy is distinct from anatomical pathology (histopathology), and a distinction must be made. Anatomical pathology is a study of macroscopic and microscopic characteristics of diseased organs .
Anatomy terms in English and are distributed as pdf files by the Society of Anatomy .
History Ancient
In 1600 B.C., the Edwin Smith Papyrus , an ancient Egyptian medical text, described blood vessels extending from the heart and organs such as the liver , spleen , kidneys , uterus , and bladder . Also around 1550 BC, the Ebers Papyrus (Ebers Papyrus) did a lot of research, especially on the heart, and wrote that blood vessels receive or send blood from the entire human body.
The Hippocratic Book, written in ancient Greece, contains anatomy of the muscular and skeletal system. Aristotle wrote about the anatomy of vertebrates based on the results of animal dissection, and Praxagoras distinguished the difference between arteries and veins. Also, during the Ptolemaic Dynasty in the 4th century BC, Herophilros and Erasistratus wrote more accurate anatomical writings based on human anatomy of criminals.
The first book of Hippocrates in the ancient Greek era describes the anatomy of the muscular and skeletal systems. Aristotle wrote about vertebrate anatomy based on the results of dissecting animals.
Medieval and modern times
Mondino dei Liuzzi , Anathomia , 1541 American medical schools began to establish an anatomical system at the end of the 1ffth century. Anatomy classes require a constant supply of cadivas (human bodies donated for anatomy), which were difficult to obtain. In Philadelphia, Baltimore, and New York, crimes such as nighttime raids on
cemeteries and the removal of newly buried bodies from coffins began to occur, and in England demand for corps