Terms to Know for Pre-AP English II You must know the definitions of the following by the first day of Pre-AP English II. Close Reading Terms: Inference: opinion with evidence to support Archetype: an original pattern or model from which all other things of the same kind are made Dynamic character: (changing character) Static character: character stays the same Epiphany (8): sudden realization; the light bulb moment Flat/round character: (no depth/depth and complexity) Foil (9): character's opposite Motivation: what drives a character on Detail: details included for a purpose Diction: Word choice Connotation: feeling word gives you Denotation: dictionary definition Dialect: vocabulary that is characteristic of a specific group of people Colloquial (10): informal spoken language or conversation Slang (10): non-standard use of words Vernacular (10): characteristic language of a particular group Euphemism (8): A mild word of phrase which substitutes for another which would be undesirable because it is too direct, unpleasant, or offensive Idiom: a manner of speaking that is natural to native speakers of a language Invective (12): abusive or venomous language used to express blame or censure or bitter deep-seated ill will Vocabulary Imagery: words that appeal to the 5 senses Mood: the feeling invoked in the reader Foreshadowing: hints to what is to come Rhetorical Shift: shift in attitude Theme: what an author believes to be true on a subject presented in the work. Tone: speaker's attitude towards his subject Apostrophe (8): addressing something as if they were present Metaphor: figurative language comparing two unlike things Metonymy (10): type of metaphor in which a word or phrase is substituted for something closely associated with it. Oxymoron (7): a paradox in two side by side words. Paradox (8): a contradictory statement that turns out to be true
Personification: applying human attributes to something not human Pun (9): play on words Simile: figurative language comparing two unlike things using like or as Symbol: something representing something else Synaesthesia (10): describing one sense in terms of another. Synecdoche (10): figurative language using the part to represent the whole. Alliteration: repetition of the initial consonant sound Assonance (7): repetition of vowel sounds Consonance (7): repetition of consonant sounds within words Onomatopoeia: the sound of a word echoes the sound it represents Allusion: reference to another lit. work or historic event Anachronism (10): out of place in time Anecdote (10): short account of an incident Antithesis (9) direct opposites Direct characterization (8): something about the character is stated directly Indirect characterization (8): personality traits about the character are implied through dialogue or actions. Dialogue: when 2 people are speaking to each other Hyperbole (7): exaggeration Dramatic irony (9): when the reader knows things the characters don't Situational irony (7): when the opposite happens from what you expect Verbal irony: saying one thing and meaning another Motif (10): recurring idea Satire (10): Satire is a literary technique of writing or art which principally ridicules its subject (individuals, organizations, states) often as an intended means of provoking or preventing change Litotes (10):