1 Paternity Class Notes Chapter 5: Abstinence and contraceptives · USA - 750,000 young women become pregnant each year Caused by: - Lack of information - Beliefs - Alcohol or Drug Use - Negative pressure - Risk-free sex depiction Pregnancy prevention . As long as a sperm is in or near the vaginal coral at the same time that an egg is present in the fallopian tubes a pregnancy is possible. The risk of pregnancy is always present How long can a sperm live inside the male reproductive system? - Up to 6 days Important facts - Young people ovulate before their period sperm normally live from 12 to 48 hours can live up to 6 days - Only one egg and one sperm are needed for pregnancy to occur - Sperm cannot be eliminated by urinating - Sperm cannot be eliminated by fighting and can increase the percentage of fertilization - Even if sex occurs standing still, in a pool or for several minutes, pregnancy can occur. What is abstinence? - Abstinence is the decision not to participate in something
2 - Sexual abstinence is the decision not to engage in sexual intercourse - No birth control method is 100% reliable Any reasons to abstain? (The reason must be personal.) - The simplest way to control birth. (Birth rate - How often births occur in a population.) - 100% effectiveness. - Sexually transmitted diseases can be avoided. Contraception - Prevention of pregnancy. - Most birth control methods fall into one of the following categories. o Fertility observation method. o Barrier methods o Hormonal methods o Permanent methods Fertility observation methods - How to Make an Ovulation Argument to Avoid Pregnancy - They are known as natural family planning - During the days close to ovulation people avoid sexual intercourse since they are not since they are the most fertile days Fertility observation methods - Temperature method - Cervical mucus method - Calendar method Barrier methods
3 - Contraceptive devices that prevent fertility fertilization with a barrier between sperm and egg - They can be basic or physical chemical o Condom (Physical Method) o Female Condom (Physical Method) o Sponge (Physical method) Diaphragm or cervical cap (Physical method) o Spermicide (Chemical method) - Do not protect against sexually transmitted diseases - May increase risk of HIV and sexually transmitted diseases - Spermicide contains a chemical that may irritate the vagina and make it easier for germs that carry these diseases into the body to enter. You should not use these methods if: - Are allergic or sensitive to spermicide sulfites or polyurethane - If you recently had an abortion - If you give birth it is unnatural - If you have an infection in or around your vagina - If you have a history of toxic shock syndrome - If there is any vaginal bleeding including the menstrual period Condom - Thin, elastic sheaths that are placed over the penis to collect semen during sex - Provide protection against pregnancy