Chapter Questions
A chemical process during which a substance gains electrons and energy is called (a) oxidation (b) oxidative phosphorylation(c) deamination (d) reduction (e) dehydrogenation
Which of the following is a correct ranking of molecules with respect to their energy value in glycolysis ( note: $>$ means "greater than")? (a) two pyruvates $>$ one glucose (b) one glucose $>$ one fructose- 1,6 -bisphosphate (c) two glyceraldehyde- 3 -phosphates (G3P) $>$ one glucose (d) two pyruvates $>$ one fructose- 1,6 bisphosphate (e) two pyruvates $>$ two glyceraldehyde- 3 phosphates (G3P)
Th e reactions of _____ take place within the cytosol of eukaryotic cells. (a) glycolysis (b) oxidation of pyruvate (c) the citric acidcycle (d) chemiosmosis (e) the electron transport chain
Before pyruvate enters the citric acid cycle, it is decarboxylated, oxidized, and combined with coenzyme A, forming acetyl CoA, carbon dioxide, and one molecule of (a) NADH (b) FADH(c) ATP(d) ADP(e) $\mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{12} \mathrm{O}_{6}$
In the first step of the citric acid cycle, acetyl CoA reacts with oxaloacetate to form (a) pyruvate (b) citrate(c) NADH(d) $\mathrm{ATP}$(e) $\mathrm{CO}_{2}$
Which of the following is the major source of electrons that flow through the mitochondrial electron transport chain? (a) $\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}$(b) ATP (c) NADH(d) ATP synthase(e) coenzyme A
The "aerobic" part of aerobic cellular respiration occurs during(a) glycolysis (b) the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl CoA(c) the citric acid cycle (d) electron transport (e) all of the above are aerobic processes
Substrate-level phosphorylation (a) occurs through a chemiosmotic mechanism (b) accounts for most of the ATP formed during aerobic cellular respiration (c) occurs during the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl CoA (d) occurs during glycolysis and the citric acid cycle (e) requires high energy electrons from NADH
Which of the following is a correct ranking of molecules, according to their energy value in oxidative phosphorylation (note: $>$ means "greater than")? (a) $\mathrm{ATP}=\mathrm{NADH}$ (b) NAD $^{+}>$NADH (c) FAD $>\mathrm{FADH}_{7}$ (d) NADH $>$ ATP
A net profi t of only 2 ATPs can be produced anaerobically fromthe _____ of one molecule of glucose, compared with a maximum of 38 ATPs produced in _____. (a) fermentation; anaerobicrespiration (b) aerobic respiration; fermentation (c) aerobic respiration; anaerobic respiration (d) dehydrogenation; decarboxylation (e) fermentation; aerobic respiration
When deprived of oxygen, yeast cells obtain energy by fermentation, producing carbon dioxide, ATP, and (a) acetyl CoA (b) ethyl alcohol (c) lactate (d) pyruvate (e) citrate
Label the figure. Use Figure $8-10$ to check your answers.