Chapter 14, Digestion: Turning a Meal into Cellular Biochemicals Video Solutions, Biochemistry: A Short Course

Problem 1

Fast and furious. Match each term with its description.
(a) Digestion________
(b) Cholecystokinin________
(c) Zymogens________
(d) Enteropeptidase $\pi$________
(e) $\alpha$ -Amylase________
(f) Emulsion________
(g) Bile salts________
(h) Chylomicron________
(i) $\mathrm{K}^{+} / \mathrm{H}^{+}$ ATPase________
(j) Lipase________
1. Proenzymes
2. Digests carbohydrates
3. Transports dietary lipids from intestinal cells to elsewhere in the body
4. Results in the secretion of digestion enzymes
5. Inserts into emulsions
to facilitate lipase action
6. The conversion of food into simple biochemicals
7. Acidifies the stomach
8. Hydrolyzes lipids
9. Activates trypsin
10. Water-lipid droplets

Mishal Gul

Numerade Educator

01:33

Problem 2

Necessary but not sufficient. Why is digestion required for fuel metabolism even though no useful energy is harnessed in the process?

Shahina -

Numerade Educator

01:39

Problem 3

Mother knows best. When your mother told you to chew your food well, she had your best biochemical interests at heart. Explain.

Stacy Storey

Numerade Educator

02:10

Problem 4

Accessibility matters $1 .$ Dietary proteins must be denatured for efficient digestion. Why?

Shiksha Dutta

Numerade Educator

03:52

Problem 5

Deconstruction. Outline how starch and glycogen are digested.

Arwen Xu

Numerade Educator

01:31

Problem 6

Safeguard. Trypsin inhibitor is a pancreatic polypeptide that binds trypsin with very high affinity, preventing it from digesting proteins. Why might a lack of trypsin inhibitor cause pancreatitus (inflammation of the pancreas)?

Simon Sauvageau

Numerade Educator

01:57

Problem 7

Not too al dente. The digestion of macaroni is more efficient after the pasta has been heated in water. Why?

Jonathan Everett

Numerade Educator

02:18

Problem 8

Phase problems. What properties of lipids make their digestion more complicated than that of carbohydrates and proteins? How are lipids made accessible for digestion?

Christina Sanchez

Numerade Educator

01:00

Problem 9

Accessibility matters 2. Why is emulsification required for efficient lipid digestion?

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

02:06

Problem 10

Humors are necessary. How would a lack of bile salts affect digestion?

Danielle Ashley

Numerade Educator

01:07

Problem 11

Doing their part. What is the role of micelles in lipid digestion?

Emily Himsel

Numerade Educator

01:08

Problem 12

Precautions. Why are most digestive enzymes produced as zymogens?

Bryan Lynn

Numerade Educator

02:01

Problem 13

Dual roles. What two biochemical roles does CCK play?

Jessica Honkomp

Numerade Educator

00:46

Problem 14

Electrolyte disturbance. Hyponatremia, or low blood sodium, results from excessive losses of fluid and sodium, or from dilution of sodium levels with excess fluid. Hyponatremia is treated by oral rehydration therapy, the administration of a solution of glucose and sodium. Suggest one role for the sodium.

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

01:43

Problem 15

Zymogen activation. When very low concentrations of pepsinogen are added to an acidic medium, how does the halftime of activation depend on zymogen concentration?

Nicholas Mogoi

Numerade Educator