Name one category of chemical mutagenic agent that can cause a base substitution mutation Answer
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Base substitution mutations involve the replacement of one nucleotide base with another in the DNA sequence. Show more…
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Chemical mutagens. Explain what each of the following are and describe the types of mutations they cause: 1. Nucleoside analogs 2. Base-modifying chemicals 3. Intercalating agents
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Label each spontaneous mutation or mutagen as causing a base-substitution, addition/deletion of trinucleotide repeats, frameshift, or breaks in DNA. DNA polymerase adds a non-complementary base during DNA replication. Strand slippage. Frameshift. Base-substitution. Breaks in DNA. Addition/deletion of trinucleotide repeats. Depurination. Deamination. Nucleotide base analogs. Deaminating agents. Alkylating agents. Oxidizing agents. Hydroxylating agents. Intercalating agents. UV radiation.
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Mutagens can include both chemicals and radiation. Complete the table to match the mutagen with its effect on DNA Inserts between the paired bases Compete with natural bases for sites on replicating DNA Remove an amino group from some nitrogen bases Causes frameshifts due to insertion between base pairs Form free radicals that cause single or double breaks in DNA Causes cross-links between adjacent pyrimidines Agent Effect Chemical Nitrous acid, bisulfite Ethidium bromide Acridine dyes Nitrogen base analogs Radiation Ionizing (gamma rays, X-rays) Ultraviolet
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