00:01
So we're looking at a population of florida panthers, and males have a high frequency of cryptochism.
00:10
Okay, there are two alleles that have complete dominance.
00:14
So the plus allele means the descended, and the negative, the recessive, means the cryptorchid.
00:27
And we look at a sample of 80, and we find eight have these cryptococids.
00:32
Testes.
00:34
They're at hardy wineberg, gliberum, how many are carriers? so any particular panther has two copies of this.
00:41
They can have three possible combinations.
00:44
They can have two plus, one of each, or two minus.
00:49
And since this is a recessive condition, these ones here are going to be the cryptocids.
00:58
And we know that that represents eight out of 80 panthers.
01:03
The other 72 have either one of these.
01:06
Our goal is to work out how many are the carriers.
01:11
So, hardy -weinberg equilibrium has two equations, and i'm going to just use capital a and little a here, because it would get very confusing if i use a plus here.
01:25
So these are the two hardy -weinberg equations.
01:29
First one is allele frequency.
01:31
Every copy of this gene is one of these two alleles.
01:34
As of their frequencies, you'll get 100%.
01:36
Second is genotype frequency.
01:38
Every panther has one of these three genotypes, and at their frequencies you'll also get 100%.
01:45
And this second equation is just what happens if you take the first equation and square both sides...